ND Burma
ND-Burma formed in 2004 in order to provide a way for Burma human rights organizations to collaborate on the human rights documentation process. The 13 ND-Burma member organizations seek to collectively use the truth of what communities in Burma have endured to advocate for justice for victims. ND-Burma trains local organizations in human rights documentation; coordinates members’ input into a common database using Martus, a secure open-source software; and engages in joint-advocacy campaigns.
Recent Posts
- Myanmar junta bombs Rohingya Muslim village killing 41, rescuers say
- Myanmar’s junta cuts filmmaker’s life sentence to 15 years as part of wider amnesty
- Close The Sky
- International condemnation of the escalating humanitarian crisis and rights violations in Myanmar
- Women in Karenni State face increasing levels of violence
Young Myanmar satirists jailed for one year after poking fun at military
/in NewsFive performers were sentenced to one year in prison at a Yangon court today for poking fun at the military in a satirical play over the Burmese New Year.
Peacock Generation troupe members Kay Khine Tun, Zayar Lwin, Paing Pyo Min, Paing Ye Thu and Zaw Lin Htut have already spent months in Insein prison for entertaining a crowd with the centuries-old tradition of thangyat, a form of poetry and dance set to music that often mocks those in power.
They were convicted under Section 505(a) of the Penal Code—which criminalizes statements that might cause military officers to “disregard or fail” in their duties—at Mayangon township court.
“This is an appalling verdict,” said Joanne Mariner, Amnesty International’s research director for Southeast Asia. “Punishing people for performing a piece of satire speaks volumes about the dire state of freedom of expression in Myanmar.
“These activists are prisoners of conscience. They have already spent six months behind bars, just because the Myanmar authorities are too thin-skinned to tolerate the mildest criticism.”
For livestreaming performances on Facebook, Zay Yar Lwin, Paing Phyo Min and Paing Ye Thu also face charges under Section 66 (d) of the Telecommunication Act for “online defamation.”
The clause is notorious for silencing critics of the authorities under the guise of alleged defamation, with a sentence of up to three years in prison.
An additional member of the troupe, Su Yadanar Myint, also faces these charges.
In March 2019, ahead of this year’s water festival festivities, authorities in Yangon required thangyat lyrics to be submitted to a government panel for approval.
Peacock Generation refused censorship and, lacking the official nod required to perform in a venue, instead took their play onto the streets.
Earlier this year, the military arrested filmmaker Min Htin Ko Ko Gyi under Section 505 (a) of the Penal Code for making a series of Facebook posts criticizing the Myanmar’s military’s role in politics.
Despite his health concerns—he underwent a major surgery for liver cancer early this year—his bail request was denied and he received a one-year prison sentence.
MYANMAR MIX
Myanmar: Military atrocities ‘relentless and ruthless’ in northern Shan State
/in NewsAmnesty International has gathered fresh evidence that the Myanmar military is continuing to commit atrocities against ethnic minorities in the north of the country, with civilians bearing the brunt of offensives against multiple armed groups. The conflicts show no sign of abating, raising the prospect of further violations.
A new report, “Caught in the middle”: Abuses against civilians amid conflict in Myanmar’s northern Shan State, details the harrowing conditions of civilians arbitrarily arrested, detained and tortured by the military. It also highlights the abusive tactics used by ethnic armed groups as they confront the military and each other to exert control in the region.
“The Myanmar military is as relentless and ruthless as ever, committing war crimes against civilians in northern Shan State with absolute impunity,” said Nicholas Bequelin, Amnesty International’s Director for East and Southeast Asia. “Soldiers – and more importantly commanders – are subjecting civilians to the military’s hallmark brutality in the absence of any form of accountability.”
Amnesty International documented war crimes and other military violations against ethnic Kachin, Lisu, Shan, and Ta’ang civilians during two field missions to the region in March and August 2019.
Civilians who spoke to Amnesty International repeatedly implicated the military’s 99th Light Infantry Division (LID) in many of the violations. Units from the 99th LID were implicated in some of the worst atrocities against the Rohingya in Rakhine State since August 2017, as well as in war crimes and other serious violations in northern Myanmar in 2016 and early 2017.
“Wherever the 99th Light Infantry Division is deployed we see similar patterns of abuse and the commission of horrific crimes unfold. This highlights the urgency of international action to hold Myanmar’s military – not least its senior generals – accountable.”
Violations have continued even after the military announced a unilateral ceasefire, since lapsed, in December 2018. A recent escalation of fighting in the region – which the government has linked to illegal drug trafficking but which ethnic armed groups attribute to ongoing military offensives – has brought new reports of violations. Meanwhile, progress on the country’s stalled peace process looks unlikely as all sides gear up for general elections in 2020.
Familiar patterns of military violations
Myanmar soldiers have committed serious violations of international human rights and humanitarian law in the last year, particularly in the northernmost townships of Shan State. These have continued even after the military’s announcement of a unilateral ceasefire in the area on 21 December 2018.
Soldiers have detained civilians – overwhelmingly men and boys – often torturing or subjecting them to other forms of ill-treatment. Most were accused of having links to specific armed groups based solely on their ethnicity, a sign of the climate of suspicion, discrimination and arbitrary punishment that Kachin, Shan, Ta’ang and other ethnic minority communities face at the hands of the Myanmar military. The military has also fired indiscriminately in civilian areas, killing and injuring civilians and damaging homes and other property.
On 11 March 2019, soldiers from the 99th LID detained and tortured two ethnic Kachin villagers in Kutkai Township. While the men were away fishing, fighting broke out between the military and the Kachin Independence Army (KIA). One of the men, 35, recalled what happened when they encountered the group of soldiers:
“[A soldier asked] ‘Are you KIA?’ I said ‘no’, then they started punching and kicking me. They forced me to take off my clothes [and] held a knife to my neck… Then they forced me to squat with my fingers on my knees… They told me if I moved they would cut off my fingers… They put a grenade in my mouth… I was afraid if I moved it would explode.”
In some cases, detainees were taken to military bases where they were held incommunicado for up to three months and denied access to family and lawyers. In one case documented by Amnesty International, an 18-year-old man and a 14-year-old boy were subjected to forced labour, including digging trenches, while being held at a military base in the town of Kutkai.
Before being taken to the base the 18-year-old was beaten, then tortured further. He said: “They asked if I was a [KIA] soldier… I kept saying no, then they put a plastic bag over my head [and] tied it tight by holding it in the back. They were asking me if I knew any soldiers from the village. They did it six or seven times, each time for two or three minutes. I couldn’t breathe.”
Ethnic armed groups also committing abuses
Civilians are increasingly caught between ethnic armed groups who abduct, detain and sometimes torture men and boys, often accusing them of supporting a rival armed group. Amnesty International documented such abuses by the Kachin Independence Army (KIA), the Shan State Army-North (SSA-N), the Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), and the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA).
Armed groups have also subjected civilians to forced labour. Amnesty International documented several instances when civilians were forced to work as porters, carry fighters’ belongings and guide them to other villages during active combat, putting their lives at risk. Civilians also told Amnesty International that armed groups regularly extort food and money from them, threatening anyone who refuses with physical violence.
“Armed groups are responsible for heinous abuses against civilians, including abductions, forced labour and beatings. We are calling on all sides to stop targeting civilians, and to take all possible measures to keep fighting away from populated areas,” said Nicholas Bequelin.
Civilians paying the price
Thousands have been forced to flee their homes in the last year as the fighting moves closer to villages. Many people have been displaced multiple times. One women told Amnesty International she had fled her home four times in March 2019 alone.
Villagers often flee to makeshift displacement sites such as churches and monasteries, where they stay until the fighting moves to a different area. These short-term displacements can make it difficult for humanitarian workers to access people in need, made worse by government and military restrictions on humanitarian access.
Even those who flee are not safe, with an alarming increase since 2018 in the number of civilians killed or injured by landmines or improvised explosive devices.
Amnesty International is calling on all sides to respect international humanitarian and human rights law, protect civilians, and ensure humanitarian access. Armed groups must end acts of violence and intimidation against civilians and take all feasible measures to avoid civilian-populated areas.
“Those responsible for war crimes should face justice, all the way up to Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, the Myanmar military’s Commander-in-Chief,” said Nicholas Bequelin. “Fighters and commanders in ethnic armed groups should also be investigated and held accountable for war crimes.”
“For too long the UN Security Council has stood by as civilians were abandoned to a ceaseless cycle of violence. It is time for the Council to stop dragging its feet and refer the situation in Myanmar to the International Criminal Court.”
AMNESTY International
Justice Newsletter August-September 2019
/in Justice NewslettersSeeking Justice in Burma
August-September 2019
Summary Report:
Throughout August and September, human rights violations were committed against the backdrop of peace negotiations, particularly in northern Shan, Rakhine and Kachin states. Despite reports that the Burma Army and armed groups agreed ‘in principle’ on a draft ceasefire at the beginning of September by the end of the month renewed clashes in Shan and Rakhine continued as the ceasefire with the Burma Army expired. The reason for not extending the self-imposed ceasefire in Kachin and Shan States, according to the Burma Army, was on the basis that the three groups from the Brotherhood Alliance ‘do not seem to be interested in signing the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement.’
Attacks on freedom of expression saw the NLD sue a cartoonist over a Facebook post criticizing the party and file a separate complaint over another Facebook page under the infamous Telecommunication Law’s Article 66(d) for defaming the regional chief minister with memes.
Meanwhile, there has been a worrying stream of dialogue inciting a nationalistic approach to politics as the USDP leader urged citizens of Burma to ‘take care of the race.’ Just prior to this, a military appointee to the Lower House of Parliament suggested that the country’s current democracy is ‘chaotic’ – which echoed the sentiment of former dictator Senior General Than Shwe. Meanwhile, a highly contested military debate on Burma’s Constitutional reform geared up with the military reinforcing their opposition to the proposed Charter Amendment Committee, created by the NLD.
A UN report calling for a boycott of military cronies was met with State Counselor, Aung San Suu Kyi stating that the report was intended to harm Burma and that her government ‘categorically rejects’ the findings of the UN Fact Finding mission. The report confirmed nearly 60 foriegn firms were tied to military businesses. UK rights group, Burma Campaign UK, also expanded their ‘Dirty List’ of Companies tied to the Burma Army which includes almost 40 international firms such as Google and Apple. The report accuses the US tech giants of ‘hosting applications used by the Burma military commander-in-chief, Senior General Min Aung Hlaing and military companies.’
In a rare persecution of Burma Army soldiers, two members of the army will be charged in a civilian court following the death of seven civilians in Karen State. Earlier this year, the soldiers asked victims and their families to use a motorbike, and when they refused, the soldiers later returned to kill the civilians before driving off. Previously, a military court had already charged the two soldiers to 20 years imprisonment in July for crimes related to the killings. The seven civilians, including three children, were killed on 5 April in Anankwin village, Kyainseikgyi Township.
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Armed Conflict Increasing as Tensions Exacerbate Seemingly Forgotten Appeals to Peace
Shan State
15 Burma Soldiers, Police and Civilians Dead in Coordinated Attacks
A coordinated attack on Myanmar’s Military Defense Service Technological Academy by the Brotherhood Alliance on 15 August resulted in 15 deaths and three injured. Casualties included Burma Army soldiers, police and civilians. The Burma government has condemned the attacks as terrorism while the Brotherhood Alliance maintains that they are acting in retaliation of the double-standards of the peace negotiations imposed by the Burma Army. Just two days after the clashes, a rescue worker in Lashio was killed and four of his team members were wounded after being attacked by a rocket propelled grenade and sniper attack in their attempts to rescue survivors trapped by the violence.
Civilians Caught in the Crossfire
When asked for comment on the situation on the ground in northern Shan State, an aid worker based in the area spoke of the difficult circumstances civilians have been forced to succumb to: “Even when there are no clashes, the army launches airstrikes. We therefore now have new IDPs [internally displaced persons].” With civilians bearing the brutal consequences of the fighting, CSOs and activists have made numerous calls for EAOs and the Burma Army to take responsibility for the ‘indiscriminate shelling of a village that killed at least eight civilians’ and to seek punishment for the perpetrator who was involved in the killing of two mothers and their children following a mortar blast in Kutkai, eastern Shan State.
Trapped civilians are in urgent need of medical treatment as rescue teams work to evacuate victims where survivors have been described as ‘wounded, trapped and living in fear.” Meanwhile, the education of villagers, who have been forced to flee as schools close due to security concerns, remains at risk . Calls from international groups such as Human Rights Watch have spoken out against the attacks claiming they are ‘unlawful.’
Rakhine State
Lawmaker Demands Probe Into Civilian Deaths in Burma’s Rakhine State
With civilian deaths on the rise, the Rakhine state government has been asked to investigate after a lawmaker submitted a proposal urging the state government to organize a group of lawmakers, officials and civil society to look closer at the increase in casualties. The proposal was accepted by all except those appointed by the military.
Army Shoots Man Dead at Bridge Checkpoint in Sittwe
A young man was killed by the Burma Army in Sittwe, while returning home from work. Reports claim that the military shot him after he was told to stop while soldiers conducted an inspection, and instead fled.
Man, Pregnant Woman Shot in Rakhine
A pregnant woman and man were injured in shootings by the Burma Army and sustained serious injuries.
Burma Army Restricts Movement in Northern Rakhine’s Minbya
Thirty villages have been locked down by the Burma Army in the rural areas of southeast Myinba Township in northern Rakhine after being considered a ‘battle zone.’
Police Officer in Rakhine State Stabbed to Death
The Police Sub-Lieutenant of the Yoe Ta Yoke Police in Ponnagyun Township was found stabbed to death after shopping at a local market. The perpetrators were a group of unidentified men in the early morning. In another striking incident of violence, two decapitated men’s bodies were found in the middle of a market and identified as ethnic Aarakanese men.
Villagers, Including 3-Year-Old, Wounded in Rakhine
More clashes between the Arakan Army and the Burma Army resulted in six villagers including a six-year-old girl being wounded by artillery fire, while another civilian died in the strike.
Internet Access Restored to Parts of Rakhine, Chin States
Internet and data traffic services resumed in five of the nine townships it was cut from in Rakhine and Chin states, more than two months after the Burma government established the ban. Communities were isolated from news and updates.
Freedom of Expression Remains Undermined by Censorship
Spiritual Leader Files Lawsuit Against Former Ex-Military Officer
A Muslim spiritual leader has accused U Hla Swe, former military USDP officer, of inciting hate speech against Islam.
Karen Activists Jailed for Use of ‘Martyr’ in Recognition of Karen Revolutionary Leaders
The Burma government informed organizers of Karen Martyr’s Day to not use the term ‘Martyr’ in reference to Saw Ba U Gyi, a Karen revolutionary leader. When the term was used, three Karen activists were arrested for not complying with the government’s request. There has been suggestions that this could undermine relations between the KNU and the NLD government and shows a retreat of ethnic rights.
Kachin Religious Leader Faces Lawsuit by the Burma Army
The lawsuit comes after the religious leader discussed the promotion of democracy and federalism in Burma with the US President, Donald Trump. The US expressed its concern about the lawsuit and charges were dropped.
Filmmaker Sentenced to One Year in Prison
Prominent filmmaker and founder of the Human Rights, Human Dignity International Film Festival, U Min Htin Ko Ko Gyi, was sentenced to one year in prison after a lawsuit was filed against him by a Lieutenant of Burma’s Yangon Region Command for defaming the military in posts on Facebook.
Irrawaddy Reporter Charged Under Controversial 66(d)
A senior reporter at the Irrawaddy English-language edition was charged with online defamation under Article 66(d) of Burma’s controversial Telecommunications Law for his coverage of a dispute involving hotel investment with Burma and foreign shareholders in Rakhine State.
Civilians in Chin State Oppose Proposed Statue of General Aung San
Chin people have responded to yet another effort by the state government to build a statue of General Aung San by condemning the plan, saying it does not make sense to erect the statue given the instability and conflict in ethnic areas.
Former Army Officer Jailed for Criticizing the Military Leadership
U Nay Myo Zin, former Burma Army captain was sentenced to one year in prison for violating Article 505(a) of the Penal Code for persuading military personnel to mutiny or neglect their duties.
Kachin Activist’s Sentence Extended After Giving Judge Broken Scales of Justice
Activist, Ko Paul, was sentenced to 15 days in jail for organizing a street performance marking the eighth anniversary of the renewal of conflict in Kachin State. His sentence was extended when he gave the broken scales to signify a lack of due process to the judge in an attempt to symbolize the ‘collapse of the judiciary in this country.’
Editor Appeals Defamation Case
Myanmar Now Editor, Ko Swe Win, was accused of defaming nationalist U Kyaw Myo Shwe in 2017 under Article 66(d) of the Burma Telecommunication Act for posting comments on Facebook that allegedly defamed ultra-nationalist Buddhist monk U Wirathu. An appeal to drop the lawsuit was heard at the end of August.
Arbitrary Arrest & Detention of Civilians Sows Fear & Intimidation in Ethnic Communities
Teacher Arrested by the Burma Army on Route to School
While on his way to school, a primary school teacher in Rakhine state was arrested by the Burma Army after clashes escalated between the Burma Army and the Arakan Army. Reasons for his arrest have not been made clear.
Karenni Youth Charged Over Remarks Against Kayah State Chief Minister
After calling the Karenni state Chief Minister a traitor over his handling of the controversial independence hero, General Aung San – six Karenni youth were charged with slander under Article 8(d) of the Law Protecting the Privacy and Security of Citizens.
Shan Civil Society Organizations Appeal for Release of Shan Teachers
Two young Shan teachers were arrested and later released by the Burma Army on suspicion that they were involved in clashes involving the Brotherhood Alliance. The two were detained for more than 24 hours without court approval, which according to Burma law is illegal.
Burma Army Arrested and Detained Seven Kachin Detainees
The Burma Army unjustly detained seven Kachin civilians in northern Shan for six hours on suspicion that they knew of a burning truck in a nearby village. Bail has since been granted to the two brothers.
Police Arrested 9 Kayah Farmers Accused of Trespassing by the Burma Army
According to the Karenni State Farmers Union, nine out of 21 local farmers have been arrested on accusations of ‘destroying public property and trespassing during protests earlier that month.’
Sexual Violence Against Children Demands Accountability & Legal Reform
Child Rapist Sentenced to 20 Years
A 51-year-old man who raped a young girl in Magwe Region was sentenced to 20 years in prison. The verdict came under fire by activists for how long the court proceedings were with the sentencing taking place a year and a half after the crime occured.
Victim Testifies in Toddler Rape Case
In a trial that has garnered the attention of many across Burma, the victim of a rape in Naypyitaw testified and identified two brothers as perpetrators of the sexual assault which took place at the victim’s school. She was two years and 11 months old at the time of the crime.
Tutor Arrested in Shan State for Child Rape
A 30-year-old tutor has been accused of raping two girls. Ta’ang Women’s Organization is helping the families fight for justice to ensure the perpetrator is punished.
Forced Recruitment Accusations & Denials
Ten ethnic civilians were arrested by the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) and conscripted for military service in Hsipaw Township. The RCSS denied the allegations.
Pressure to hold perpetrators of human rights violations accountable continues to take precedent as activists, civil-society organizations and international governments continue to lobby the Burmese military and government to act in good faith by cooperating with recommended transitional justice mechanisms.
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ND-Burma is a network that consists of 13 member organisations who represent a range of ethnic nationalities, women and former political prisoners. ND-Burma member organisations have been documenting human rights abuses and fighting for justice for victims since 2004. The network consists of six Full Members and six Affiliate Members as follows:
Full Members:
Affiliate Members:
ND-BURMA: A Significant and Substantial Increase in Documented Human Rights Violations in the First Six Months of 2019
/in Press Releases and StatementsND-BURMA: A Significant and Substantial Increase in Documented Human Rights Violations in the First Six Months of 2019
18 September, 2019
For immediate release
As the conflict escalated in Rakhine State and continued in the north and northeast of Burma, from January to June 2019, ND-Burma and its member organisations documented a substantial and significant increase in the number of human rights violations—a 360% increase over the entire 2018 reporting period in only 6 months. This disturbing increase was, contrary to ND-Burma’s previous report, largely the consequence of the intensification of the conflict in Rakhine (and Chin) State, which saw large numbers of skirmishes between the Arakan Army (AA) and Burma Army, as well as the latter’s use of indiscriminate gunfire, shelling and airstrikes. Out of the 156 armed clashes documented throughout Burma from January to June 2019, 98 were between the AA and the Tatmadaw.
Despite the military’s declaration of a unilateral ceasefire in the north and northeast of the country, the Burma Army still engaged in a number of armed skirmishes with Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAOs) in Kachin and northern Shan states. Moreover, conflict among EAOs, particularly in northern Shan State, was also documented by ND-Burma member organisations.
Due to the intense fighting between the military and EAOs over the reporting period and the large number of those occurring in Rakhine State, there was a significant number of conflict-related human rights violations perpetrated against civilians. The majority were committed by government security forces and involved the use of indiscriminate gunfire, shelling and airstrikes which often led to injuries and civilian deaths. Conflict and military operations near villager settlements also led to the displacement of approximately more than 27,000 villagers in the first six months of 2019, and many IDPs are still unsure when it will be safe to return.
Ethnic armed organisations also committed human rights violations against civilians during the reporting period. This included arbitrary arrest and detention, forced recruitment, inhumane and degrading treatment, extrajudicial killings as well as injuries and displacement due to the presence of conflict nearby and/or in civilian settlements. In particular, EAOs have been reported to arbitrarily detain villagers, or even entire villages, who are suspected of having ties with other EAOs, while subjecting them to torture and forced disappearances.
As always, civilians are the ones who bear the brunt of conflict. Communities, especially ethnic populations in conflict areas, have suffered significantly over Burma’s 70 years of civil war. When Burma is restored to genuine peace, civilian populations living in conflict-affected areas will be relieved of the burden of war. Therefore, the government and military must explore ways to achieve genuine peace with EAOs, including announcing a nationwide ceasefire and implementing realistic and all-inclusive peace negotiations with EAOs and CSOs monitoring the conflict and human rights situation. In addition, humanitarian groups and communities unfairly impacted by injustices against the backdrop of negotiations must be allowed to participate in every stage of the peace process.
Key Findings
ND-Burma’s documentation shows that there was a substantial increase in human rights violations during the first 6 months of 2019, largely due to the Burma Army’s use of indiscriminate gunfire, shelling and airstrikes near civilian settlements, and particularly in Rakhine and Shan states. As always, civilians in conflict zones in Burma continued to bear the brunt of the conflict and were subject to numerous human rights violations by both government security forces and EAOs. Now, more than ever, an urgent end to armed conflict and a government-sponsored reparations programme are essential to address both the impact of human rights violations and to end impunity for such abuses.
Media Contacts
(English & Burmese)
(English & Burmese)
ND-Burma is a network that consists of 13-member organisations who represent a range of ethnic nationalities, women and former political prisoners. ND-Burma member organisations have been documenting human rights abuses and fighting for justice for victims since 2004. The network consists of six Full Members and Seven Affiliate Members as follows:
Full Members:
Affiliate Members:
| Download PDF |Briefer |
Human Rights Situation in Burma(2019 January – June)
/in ND-Burma's Reports, Periodic ReportOur latest human-rights report is now available in English and Burmese online. The report is a collection of data from our members which details abuses from January to July 2019.
Among our observations, there was a 360% increase in the number of documented human rights violations in the first six months of 2019 compared to the entire 2018 reporting period.
The conflict in Rakhine State was responsible for the majority of human rights violations with skirmishes in Kachin and northern Shan states responsible for 4% of cases and 18%, respectively.
ND-Burma is grateful for the continued work of our members who work tirelessly to bring justice to survivors by advocating for stronger legal mechanisms to uphold the rule of law. Without their contributions, our work would not be possible.
Download full Report
ရခိုင်မြောက်ပိုင်းမှာ လူမျိုးတုံးသတ်ဖြတ်မှု အန္တရာယ်ဆက်ရှိနေကြောင်း FFM ထုတ်ပြန်
/in Newsရခိုင်ပြည်နယ်မြောက်ပိုင်းမှာ ကျန်ရှိနေသေးတဲ့ ရိုဟင်ဂျာ ခြောက်သိန်းကျော်ဟာ ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအရ ဖိနှိပ်ချုပ်ချယ်မှုတွေ ကြုံနေရပြီး လူမျိုးတုံးသတ်ဖြတ်မှု အန္တရာယ် ဆက်ရှိနေတယ်လို့ ကုလသမဂ္ဂ အချက်အလက်ရှာဖွေရေး မစ်ရှင်က FFM က ဂျနီဗာကို ဒီကနေ့ တင်သွင်းတဲ့ အစီရင်ခံစာမှာ ဖော်ပြထားပါတယ်။
၂ဝ၁၇ ခုနှစ်က တပ်မတော်ရဲ့ နယ်မြေရှင်းလင်းရေး စစ်ဆင်ရေးကြောင့် ရခိုင်ပြည်နယ်မြောက်ပိုင်းက ရိုဟင်ဂျာ ၇ သိန်း ၄ သောင်းကျော် ဘင်္ဂလားဒေ့ရှ်နိုင်ငံကို ထွက်ပြေးခဲ့ပြီး ထောင်ပေါင်းများစွာ သတ်ဖြတ်ခံခဲ့ရတာကြောင့် လူမျိုးတုံးသတ်ဖြတ်မှုကို တပ်မတော်က ကျူးလွန်ခဲ့တယ်လို့ အစီရင်ခံစာမှာ ဖော်ပြထားပါတယ်။
ဒါပေမယ့် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံဟာ လူမျိုးတုံးသတ်ဖြတ်မှု တားဆီးဖို့၊ လူမျိုးတုံးသတ်ဖြတ်မှုတွေကို စုံစမ်းစစ်ဆေးဖို့၊ လူမျိုးတုံးသတ်ဖြတ်မှုကို ရာဇဝတ်မှုအဖြစ် သတ်မှတ်ပြီး အရေးယူအပြစ်ပေးတာတွေ ဆောင်ရွက်ဖို့ တာဝန် ပျက်ကွက်နေတယ်လို့ ဆိုပါတယ်။
ပြီးခဲ့တဲ့နှစ်ကလည်း လူသားမျိုးနွယ်အပေါ်မှာ ကျူးလွန်တဲ့ ရာဇဝတ်မှုတွေနဲ့ စစ်ရာဇဝတ်မှုတွေအတွက် တာဝန်ရှိတဲ့ တပ်မတော် ထိပ်ပိုင်းခေါင်းဆောင် ခြောက်ဦးအမည်ကို လူသိရှင်ကြား ကြေညာခဲ့ပြီးဖြစ်သလို၊ ရာဇဝတ်မှုကျူးလွန်သူတွေလို့ သံသယရှိတဲ့ လူဦးရေ တစ်ရာကျော်ပါတဲ့ လျှို့ဝှက်စာရင်းကိုလည်း ရရှိထားတယ်လို့ အချက်လက်ရှာဖွေရေးအဖွဲ့ရဲ့ အစီရင်ခံစာမှာ ရေးသားထားပါတယ်။
တပ်မတော်ပြောခွင့်ရပုဂ္ဂိုလ် ဗိုလ်မှူးချုပ် ဇော်မင်းထွန်းကတော့ FFM အစီရင်ခံစာအပေါ် အခုလို တုံ့ပြန်ပါတယ်။
“လက်တေ့ွအခြေအနေကြည့်ရင် သိနိုင်ပါတယ်။ ဖိနှိပ်ညှဉ်းပမ်းမှု ရှိတယ်ဆိုရင် ဖုံးကွယ်လို့ရတဲ့နေရာ မဟုတ်ပါဘူး။ ဖုံးကွယ်လို့လည်း မရပါဘူး။ လက်တေ့ွမှာ ဖိနှိပ်ညှဉ်းပမ်းမှုတွေ မရှိလို့ သူတို့ ဆက်နေနိုင်တာပါ။ အဲဒီမှာနေတဲ့လူတွေက အရင်ကထက် ပိုမိုပွင့်လင်းမြင်သာလာတယ်။ အတွင်းထဲမှာဖြစ်တဲ့အခြေအနေကို လေ့လည်းမလေ့လာ၊ သိလည်းမသိဘဲ အပြင်ကနေ ဝေဖန်နေတာကတော့ နိုင်ငံတစ်နိုင်ငံရဲ့ အုပ်ချုပ်နေတဲ့အစိုးရရဲ့ ဂုဏ်သိက္ခာကို ကျဆင်းစေပါတယ်”
တပ်မတော်ခေါင်းဆောင်ပိုင်းတွေကို နိုင်ငံတကာရာဇဝတ်ခုံရုံး (ICC) မှာ တရားစွဲတင်မယ့်ကိစ္စမှာ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံဟာ ICC အဖွဲ့ဝင်အဖြစ် လက်မှတ်ရေးထိုးထားခြင်း မရှိတာကြောင့် တရားစွဲလို့မရဘူး ဆိုပြီး ပြောထားကြပေမယ့်၊ FFM အချက်လက်ရှာဖွေရေးအဖွဲ့ကတော့ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံဟာ ၁၉၄၈ ခုနှစ် ဂျီနီဗာသဘောတူစာချုပ်အရ လိုက်နာရမယ့် တာဝန်တွေ ပျက်ကွက်တဲ့အတွက် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံကို အပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာတရားရုံး ICJ မှာ တရားစွဲဆိုနိုင်တယ်လို့လည်း ဆိုထားပါတယ်။
ဒါကြောင့် မြန်မာနိုင်ငံကို အပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာ ရာဇဝတ်ခုံရုံးကို လွှဲပြောင်းဖို့အတွက် အရင် ယူဂိုဆလားဗီးယားနဲ့ ရဝမ်ဒါ လူမျိုးတုန်းသတ်ဖြတ်မှုတွေကို အရေးယူခဲ့သလို၊ အထူးရာဇဝတ်ခုံရုံး တည်ထောင်ဖို့လည်း ကုလသမဂ္ဂ လုံခြုံရေးကောင်စီကို FFM အဖွဲ့က တိုက်တွန်းထားပါတယ်။
မြန်မာနိုင်ငံကို အပြည်ပြည်ဆိုင်ရာတရားရုံးမှာ တရားစွဲဆိုဖို့ ကုလသမဂ္ဂ လုံခြုံရေးကောင်စီကို အချက်လက်ရှာဖွေရေးမစ်ရှင်ရဲ့ တိုက်တွန်းချက်နဲ့ ပတ်သက်ပြီး မြန်မာနိုင်ငံခြားရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာန ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူးချုပ် ဦးချမ်းအေးကို RFA က ဆက်သွယ်ခဲ့ပေမယ့် ဒီကနေ့ညနေထိ ဆက်သွယ်လို့ မရခဲ့ပါဘူး။
အစီရင်ခံစာမှာ… တပ်မတော်ဟာ ၂ဝ၁၇ တုန်းက လူ့အခွင့်အရေး ချိုးဖောက်မှုတွေကို ကျူးလွန်ခဲ့သလို၊ လက်ရှိ ရခိုင်ပြည်နယ်မှာ ရက္ခိုင့်တပ်တော် AA နဲ့ ဖြစ်ပွားနေတဲ့ တိုက်ပွဲတွေမှာလည်း အရပ်သားတွေကို ပစ်မှတ်ထား တိုက်ခိုက်တာတွေ တွေ့ရှိရကြောင်း ရေးသားထားပါတယ်။
လက်တလော ရက္ခိုင့်တပ်တော်နဲ့ ဖြစ်ပွားနေတဲ့ အရပ်ဒေသတွေမှာ တပ်မတော်ရဲ့ နာမည်ဆိုးနဲ့ ကျော်ကြားတဲ့ ဖြတ်လေးဖြတ် စစ်ဆင်ရေးအပြင်၊ ဖြတ်ငါးဖြတ် လို့ လူပြောများလာတဲ့ အင်တာနက်လိုင်းဖြတ်တောက်တာ၊ လူသားချင်းစာနာကူညီရေး လုပ်ငန်းတွေကို ကန့်သတ်တာတွေကိုပါ ကျူးလွန်ခဲ့ကြောင်း ဖော်ပြထားပါတယ်။
(RFA သတင်းထောက် ကိုမိုးမြင့် တင်ပြသည်)