Military launches airstrikes after soldiers defect to resistance

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Thousands of people were forced to flee as their villages in eastern Depayin Township came under attack last Thursday

Myanmar’s military carried out airstrikes on several villages in Sagaing Township’s Depayin Township last week following the defection of three soldiers, according to local sources.

Thousands of people have fled their homes since Thursday, when the eastern Depayin villages of Mayakan, Nyaung Hla, Namyar, Yin Kyay and Nyaungbintha all came under attack, residents said.

People living in neighbouring Khin-U Township, which is on the eastern side of the Muu River, opposite the area targeted by the airstrikes, said the offensive began at around 1:30 and lasted more than 40 minutes.

“Two helicopters were used to drop soldiers into the area, while two more fired relentlessly. It was brutal, and very loud,” said a resident of Muu Thar, a village on the eastern bank of the river.

Another Khin-U villager told Myanmar Now that the helicopters carrying the reinforcement troops landed in Namyar and Yin Kyay, while Mayakan bore the brunt of the aerial assault.

“They launched an air attack on Mayakan, even though there hasn’t been any recent fighting there,” said the resident of Tataing, a village on the eastern side of the Muu River.

“The soldiers who were transported into the area immediately started attacking the villages nearby,” he added. 

The attacks appeared to have been prompted by the recent defection of soldiers stationed in the area.

According to the leader of a local defence force, the incident occurred a week after two soldiers turned themselves in and a day after another defected.

“Three junta soldiers have surrendered to us. One brought his weapons with him, but the other two didn’t,” said Kaung Kin, the leader of a Depayin-based resistance group.

“They said they were forced to torch civilians’ houses for no reason and arrest and execute people without proper evidence that they had done anything wrong. They said they didn’t want to do those things anymore,” he added.

According to a support group for displaced civilians, at least three people, including two children, were injured as they fled the attack. More complete casualty figures were not available, however, as many villagers were still on the run, they added.

Myanmar Now attempted to reach junta officials for comment on the airstrike, but did not receive a response.

Myanmar’s military regime routinely denies targeting civilians in its efforts to crush resistance forces, despite abundant evidence that it does so on an almost daily basis.

The junta also declines to comment on defectors. According to the shadow National Unity Government, nearly 3,000 soldiers have deserted from the military since last year’s coup, with many joining the side of the country’s anti-regime resistance forces.

Myanmar Now News

As many as 15 anti-regime teachers arrested in Myanmar

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They include the founder of an online school for students boycotting classes.

Myanmar’s military junta has been rounding up teachers who are members of the Civil Disobedience Movement (CMD) and have been giving online lessons at a school linked to the shadow National Unity Government (NUG).

Kaung for You was set up to educate pupils who are boycotting classes or have been unable to attend school. It offers online education by CDM teachers for around 20,000 children across the country.

“We heard that up to 15 people were arrested in Yangon, Mandalay, Shan state and Thanintharyi region,” a member of the Myanmar Teachers’ Federation (MTF) told RFA on Monday.

“The parents of the students are so worried. I warned Kaung for You school to be careful before the arrests. Anything can happen at any time when [the school] is public,” said the MTF member, who declined to be named for safety reasons.

The arrests took place between July 13 and July 18 and included Kaung for You founder Kaung Thaik Soe, the assistant director for education at Myitthar township in Mandalay region.

The school’s plan to move from online lessons to classroom teaching last Wednesday was halted by the arrests that day of Kaung Thaik Soe and two teachers. The junta announced the arrests three days later.

The school says its website was then hacked, allowing the military council to locate and arrest other teachers.

Students and parents told RFA they were also afraid of being arrested if their names and addresses had also been leaked.

The NUG’s Ministry of Education denounced the arrests as a violation of children’s rights to free education. It said it would offer help to the detained teachers, continue courses for pupils and open an emergency hotline to provide advice and assistance.

Aside from school boycotts, many children in Myanmar have been denied education since the coup on Feb.1, 2021 due to a surge in attacks on schools, teachers and students.

There were at least 260 attacks on schools between May 2021 and April this year, non-profit organization Save the Children said in a report last month.

In April bombs were found in four schools and there were three explosions in or close to schools. There were also 33 recorded cases of educational buildings being set on fire, 10 direct attacks on teachers and 10 schools occupied by the military.

The ruling junta says at least 40 teachers have been killed in demonstrations and fighting between troops and militias.

RFA News

Weekly Update 4 July – 10 July 2022

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Health workers play an integral role in the fabric of Myanmar society. Health is a human right, and subsequently that right to life is a core principle enshrined in human rights treaties, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. And yet – the military junta disregards the value of civilian lives, and has gone as far to destroy health infrastructure and violently assault health workers treating injured protesters or supporters of the pro-democracy

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Tension high at Sagaing-Manipur border following murder of Indian nationals

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Despite public calls that the bodies of the two men—shot dead in Myanmar—be returned to their families in India, a junta spokesperson says they were already cremated

The international border between Sagaing Region and India’s Manipur State has been closed in the aftermath of the murder of two Indian nationals in Myanmar’s territory last week, according to local sources. 

The men, P. Mohan, 28, and M. Iyanar, 32, from Manipur’s Moreh town, were killed on July 5 after crossing the border on a shared motorcycle to attend a friend’s birthday party in Saw Bwar Inn village in Sagaing’s Tamu Township.

Multiple media outlets have cited eyewitness testimony that the perpetrators were members of the junta-backed Pyu Saw Htee militia active in the area; they allegedly stopped the men on the road before executing them with gunshots to the head.

“They shot them without saying anything,” a local man from Tamu told Myanmar Now. 

The civilian National Unity Government released a statement on July 8 naming at least three Pyu Saw Htee members allegedly responsible, and offering condolences to the victims’ families. 

“This case is clearly one of the many issues that highlight the fact that [the] Myanmar issue is not just an internal affair but a safeguard for all, which threatens the security and peace of the countries in the region,” it said. 

More than 2,000 locals in Moreh staged a protest the day after the killings, demanding that the bodies of the two men—members of the ethnic Tamil community—be returned to their families. The demonstration escalated until the mob torched and destroyed a Myanmar junta police outpost on the border that afternoon. 

On July 7, one day after the retaliation by the residents of Moreh, Myanmar military council spokesperson Gen Zaw Min Tun claimed in army-run media that the Indian nationals had been assassinated by members of the anti-junta People’s Defence Force (PDF) and that an investigation was underway.

He added that the bodies of the two men had been cremated in Tamu’s cemetery at 7am that day because the military authorities reportedly could not locate their families. 

Tamu Township’s PDF chapter released its own statement later that evening denying involvement in the killings and backing local claims that the Pyu Saw Htee were responsible. 

Other guerrilla groups based in Tamu released similar statements condemning the murders and naming the pro-junta militia as the perpetrators. 

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Indian security forces are pictured near the July 6 protest mob that demanded the bodies of the murder victims be returned to Moreh (Supplied)

Indian security forces are pictured near the July 6 protest mob that demanded the bodies of the murder victims be returned to Moreh (Supplied)

Tension remained high at the border at the time of reporting, with locals barred from moving between Tamu and Moreh and trade coming to a near halt, residents said. 

“We haven’t been able to do any work in the area since [the murders]. We can’t even cross the border. The Indian authorities have not been letting anyone in since July 5,” a local woman said on the condition of anonymity. 

Local authorities in Moreh have reportedly issued an order banning gatherings of more than five people, leading to the closure of shops. 

Those across the border in Tamu added that they were concerned about the safety of the thousands of displaced people from Myanmar staying on the Indian side of the border, having fled military raids in Sagaing. 

The local man from Tamu said that there was no longer any guarantee of safety in the region.

“The Myanmar refugees staying in Indian territory don’t even dare to leave their temporary shelters. It’s very worrying,” he said. 

Myanmar Now News

Accountability for the Junta Criminals

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This report aims to tackle the impunity of junta military leaders for crimes violating international norms of jus cogens. As the National Unity Government (NUG), the legitimate representative of the state, is currently ‘unable’ to ensure fair functioning of domestic courts, and as it has lodged a declaration with the ICC accepting the court’s jurisdiction under article 12 (3) of the Rome statute on August 20, 2021, the court has jurisdiction to prosecute perpetrators of atrocity crimes committed from 2002 on. AAPP argues that military leaders should be held accountable for the crimes committed by their subordinates as per the Rome Statute in all cases where their active (art. 25) or passive (art. 28) responsibility can be incurred.

Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP)

AAPP_Executive Summary_8-Jul-2022 (English)

AAPP_Crimes Against Humanity Report_8-Jul-2022 (English)

Sagaing residents say they face discrimination under Myanmar junta

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The northwestern region is where the fiercest armed resistance to the military regime is.

Burmese citizens with national registration cards indicating they reside in northwestern Myanmar’s Sagaing region face travel restrictions and other forms of discrimination under Myanmar’s ruling military regime because they hail from the part of the country with the greatest armed resistance to the junta, locals said Friday.

The junta which seized power from the elected government in February 2021 has faced the fiercest armed resistance in Sagaing region. Most of the region’s 34 townships and more than 5,900 villages have been affected by fighting between military forces and members of the anti-junta People’s Defense Forces (PDF). The hostilities and the burnings of villages have displaced thousands of residents in the region.

The junta announced in late March that authorities could check the national registration cards, also known as citizenship verification cards, of people in the region anywhere on demand.

Residents of the region told RFA that people holding national registration cards that identify them as being from the area are limited in where they can travel and cut off from employment opportunities.

A Myaung township resident, who requested anonymity for safety reasons, said registration card holders have been subjected to stricter checks than are those registered in other regions and states since the junta made its announcement.

“There’s nothing we can do about transportation or communications or getting jobs,” he said. “You cannot lie to them as every detail is on the registration card.”

Though no one wants to accept people who have cards beginning with the numerical prefix that identifies them as Sagaing residents, locals are proud that they hold such ID documents, he said.

“But we face a lot of difficulties in travelling and finding jobs,” he said, adding that he was dismayed that employers in other areas of Myanmar discriminated against migrant workers from Sagaing.

A company worker, who spoke on condition of anonymity for the same reason, said authorities question him now when he travels more than they do others.

“It’s just a normal trip, [and] there are many checkpoints along the way,” he said. “There’s a lot of questioning at some checkpoints. They gave you suspicious looks. You will be asked many questions even though it’s a normal business trip, just because you are holding a card with the prefix 5/ and you live in a township where there are concerning situations.’

“I’m always worried they might not accept my answers and turn me back,” the worker added.

‘Public security’ work

A hotel owner in central Myanmar’s Mandalay region, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said regime authorities had not instructed hotels to conduct strict checks of Sagaing region citizens, though they had been told to maintain a list of guests and their phone numbers.

“There are no specific orders to strictly check guests from what township or region they come from,” he said, adding that he did not record the townships from which his guests came.

“But we have been told to keep records of names and phone numbers of guests who stay here because of the current situation in the country and we have to send guest lists to [authorities] regularly,” he said. “They will take action against us if we don’t follow the orders.”

In the past, guests were allowed to stay at guesthouses without presenting their national registration cards if they could produce other identification documents.

Sagaing residents also told RFA that people from the region who want to go abroad for work have been subjected to strict censorship, and some have been refused passports.

Military spokesman Maj. Gen. Zaw Min Tun said there were no special restrictions as such, however.

“Even in places like [the capital] Naypyidaw, you can find people fleeing from the people’s Defense Forces violence in Sagaing region,” he said.

“Of course, there may be security checks in some places,” he said. “This is not done for these registration card owners. They’re just doing their work for public security.”

Nazin Latt, a National League for Democracy lawmaker for Sagaing’s Kanbalu township, described the discrimination as “psychological warfare.”

“It’s a violation of human rights to oppress people in areas with strong opposition, for jobs or travel whether it be for security reasons or not,” he told RFA. “On the one hand, it is seen as a systematic psychological warfare — being refused jobs or being refused to put up at guest houses, finding it difficult to get jobs in Yangon and Mandalay, all these issues. It also depends a lot on the employers.”

A recent job announcement in Mandalay’s Pyin Oo Lwin township, said that people holding cards with the Sagaing numerical prefix on their ID cards could not apply.

RFA could not reach the recruiter by phone for comment.

In the past, during the height of armed conflict between national forces and the ethnic rebel Arakan Army (AA) in Rakhine state, the military and military-controlled local administrative authorities imposed similar restrictions on citizens with the numerical code for the western state on their national registration cards.

The residents were prevented from traveling in other areas of the country, especially in northern Shan state, on suspicion that they might be heading there to participate in military training offered by AA near the border with China.

Translated by Khin Maung Nyane for RFA Burmese. Written in English by Roseanne Gerin.

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